Assignment 2: Conditional love!

Due Friday, march 5, before midnight

The goals of this assignment are:

Work with conditional statements
Work with boolean types
Work with both command line arguments and interactive input

1. What are the hours?

Implement a program Hours.java which inputs the number of minutes and outputs the number of hourse in with human friendly text. Note that when the number of hours is one, we print hour and not hours! When the number of minutes is one, we print minute and not minutes.

$ java Hours 67
1 hour and 7 minutes

$ java Hours 453
7 hours and 33 minutes

$ java Hours 360
6 hours and 0 minutes

$ java Hours 61
1 hour and 1 minute

You may assume that the input to the program is a positive integer, i.e. a whole number greater than 0.

2. Pythagorean Triples

credit: Sara Mathieson

A [Pythagorean triple](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_triple) is a set of three positive integers a, b, and c such that the sum of the squares of two of the numbers equals the square of the third. i.e.

$a^2 + b^2 = c^2$

In this example, a and b represent the shorter sides of a right triangle and c represents the hypotenuse.

Write a program in Pythagoras.java that determines whether or not three numbers entered by the user form a valid Pythagorean triple. The numbers can be in any order. If the numbers do form a Pythagorean triple, print out a message that includes the hypotenuse (longest side). If not, print out a helpful message. Here are a few examples of how your program should work:

$ java Pythagoras
Enter side 1: 4
Enter side 2: 5
Enter side 3: 3
Pythagorean triple with hypotenuse 5

$ java Pythagoras
Enter side 1: 13
Enter side 2: 5
Enter side 3: 12
Pythagorean triple with hypotenuse 13

$ java Pythagoras
Enter side 1: 8
Enter side 2: 4
Enter side 3: 9
Not a Pythagorean triple!

3. Speeding fines!

credit: Lisa Meeden

Write a program called Speeding.java that calculates speeding fines based on the traffic laws of the state of Pennsylvania. Here is a short description of the fine structure:

For most speeding violations, the fine is $35 plus $2 for every mile in excess of 5 mph over the limit. However, if the maximum limit is 65 mph or higher, the fine is $42.50 plus $2 for every mile in excess of 5 mph over the limit.

The goal of this law is to discourage motorists from driving significantly over the posted limits. If the motorist is traveling just slightly over the limit (within 5 mph), then only a base fine is applied. However, if the motorist’s speed exceeds the limit by more than 5 mph, then an extra fine is applied.

See the table below for some example scenarios.

Table 1. Example Fines
Speed	Limit	Over	Excess > 5	Base fine	Extra fine	Total fine
45	50	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
52	50	2	0	35.00	0.00	35.00
65	50	15	10	35.00	20.00	55.00
69	65	4	0	42.50	0.00	42.50
75	65	10	5	42.50	10.00	52.50

Below are some examples of the running program. User input is shown in bold.

$ java Speeding

Enter speed limit: 55
Enter clocked speed: 45

Motorist is within the limit

$ java Speeding

Enter speed limit: 55
Enter clocked speed: 58

Motorist is over the limit by 3 mph
Total fine is: $35.0

$ java Speeding

Enter speed limit: 55
Enter clocked speed: 63

Motorist is over the limit by 8 mph

Base fine is: $35.0
Additional $2 per 3 miles in excess of 5 mph over limit
Total fine is: $41.0

$ java Speeding

Enter speed limit: 65
Enter clocked speed: 69

Motorist is over the limit by 4 mph

Total fine is: $42.5

4. What to hand-in

The programs, Pythagoras.java, Hours.java, and Speeding.java.
Make sure each program has a header containing your name, date, and purpose of the program
A brief write-up containing your name, assignment number, and a few sentences about how long you spent on the assignment and any interesting bugs you solved.

4.1. How to hand-in

Copy your programs to your dropbox, into the folder called A2.